This section covers the modelling approach and any key assumptions for each of the intervention areas.

This intervention models a percent reduction in the stationary energy intensity of each selected sub-sector. Stationary energy is impacted equally across all stationary energy sources within buildings, i.e. electricity, gas, LPG.

As an example, a 10% reduction in energy use affecting the commercial sector will reduce the kWh of electricity, MJ of gas and MJ of LPG per job across the commercial sector by 10%. The impact of this is then multiplied by the number of commercial jobs for any given year to determine the resulting stationary energy use and associated emissions.

This intervention models the impact of a changing grid emission factor (i.e. kg per kWh of electricity consumed from the national electricity grid) from changes in generation sources such as renewable energy.

The expected change in the electricity grid from is sourced from the Climate Change Commission. Changes to the electricity emission factor will affect all electricity related emissions in your emission projections.

This intervention models the percent of existing buildings that convert stationary gas use to an electrical source.

As an example, an input of 5% will convert stationary gas consumption to electricity. Note, in this conversion, no assumption is made about the efficiency gains (or not) from converting gas to electricity, such as switching from gas hot water to electric heat pump. Any efficiency gains should be modelled separately under the building efficiency intervention.

This intervention models a percent reduction in the stationary energy intensity for new buildings compared to existing buildings of each selected sub-sector. Stationary energy is impacted equally across all stationary energy sources within buildings, i.e. electricity, gas, LPG.

As an example, a 10% reduction in energy use affecting the commercial sector in 2035 will reduce the kWh of electricity, MJ of gas and MJ of LPG per new job across the commercial sector by 10%. The impact of this is then multiplied by the number of all new commercial jobs from 2035 to determine the resulting stationary energy use and associated emissions.

This intervention models a percent shift in travel from car to public or active transport.

As an example, a 10% mode shift to public transport affecting the residential sector will reduce the fuel use per dwelling across the residential sub-sectors by 10%. The impact of this is then multiplied by the number of residential dwellings for any given year to determine the resulting fuel consumption and associated emissions. The 10% shift to public transport is added to public transport activities if these are available within your inventory.

This intervention models the percent of the total vehicle fleet which is electric. The inputted percent converts the equivalent proportion of petrol and diesel fuel equally to kWh of electricity at the ratio -

kWh per L petrol = 1.79

kWh per L diesel = 2.10

As an example, a 10% electric vehicle take-up in the residential sector will reduce the L of petrol and L of diesel per dwelling by 10%, and increase the kWh of electricity per dwelling at the ratios above. The impact of this is then multiplied by the number of dwellings for any given year to determine the resulting fuel, stationary energy use and associated emissions.

This intervention models a simple percent reduction in the rail freight emissions intensity in the infrastructure sector. The impact of this is then multiplied by the number of jobs for any given year to determine the resulting rail freight emissions.

This intervention models a simple percent reduction in the air transport emissions intensity in the infrastructure sector. The impact of this is then multiplied by the number of jobs for any given year to determine the resulting air transport emissions.

This intervention includes strategies that seek to reduce the amount of landfill waste being generated on a per dwelling or per job basis. For each 1% reduction the landfill intensity across the selected sectors is reduced by 1%.

This intervention models a percent of landfill waste that is diverted from landfill to other uses (reuse, recycled, composted).

As an example, a 30% diversion rate for the retail sector will reduce existing landfill waste intensities of the retail sector by 30%. The impact of this is then multiplied by the number of retail jobs for any given year to determine the resulting landfill waste and associated emissions.

This intervention includes strategies to reduce emissions from landfill sites. The intervention models a percent reduction in the emissions factor associated with landfill waste processing.

This intervention models a simple percent reduction in wastewater-related emissions intensity. The impact of this is then multiplied by the number of dwellings for any given year to determine the resulting wastewater emissions.

This intervention models a simple percent reduction in industrial process-related emissions intensity. The impact of this is then multiplied by the number of jobs for any given year to determine the resulting industrial process-related emissions.

This intervention models a simple percent reduction in product use emissions intensity. The impact of this is then multiplied by the number of jobs for any given year to determine the resulting industrial process-related emissions.

This intervention models a simple percent reduction in livestock emissions intensity. The impact of this is then multiplied by the number of livestock-related agricultural jobs for any given year to determine the resulting livestock-related emissions.

This intervention models a simple percent reduction in horticultural emissions intensity. The impact of this is then multiplied by the number of horticulture-related agricultural jobs for any given year to determine the resulting horticulture-related emissions.

This intervention models the emission reductions from additional or new hectares of exotic forest planted. The number of hectares entered for any given year is then multiplied by its associated emission factor to calculate emission reductions from the additional planted forest.